Kua whakawhanakehia e ngā kaipūtaiao tētahi huinga taputapu kai "kakariki" i hangaia mai i te tō me te pāma, he mea watea, he mea whai hua hoki, ā, he mea pea hei whakakapi i ngā kapu kirihou me ētahi atu ipu kirihou kotahi te whakamahinga. Ahakoa ka roa pea te pirau o ngā kirihou tuku iho, ngā pūmua pirau rānei, tae atu ki te 450 tau, i roto rānei i ngā pāmahana teitei, ka pirau noa iho tēnei rauemi kore-paitini, ā, he pai ki te taiao i roto i ngā rā 60 noa iho, ā, he ma hoki hei penapena i tō kawhe o te ata, i tō kai tango kai rānei. I whakaputaina tētahi tuhinga mō tēnei momo kirihou i roto i te puka Matter i te 12 o Noema, 2020.
"He pono, i taku taenga tuatahi ki te US i te tau 2007, i ohorere ahau i te kitea whānuitia o ngā ipu kirihou kotahi-whakamahinga i roto i ngā hūpāmakete," te kī a Julie Hongli o te Whare Wānanga o Northeastern. "Ka ngāwari ake ō tātou oranga, engari ka waiho hei para kāore e pirau i roto i te taiao." I muri mai, i te kitenga atu i te nui ake o ngā peihana, ngā pereti, me ngā taputapu kai kirihou e makaia ana ki roto i te para i ngā wānanga me ngā hui, ka whakaaro ia, "Ka taea e tātou te whakamahi i ngā rauemi e mau tonu ana te oranga?"
I te rapu huarahi kē atu i ngā ipu kai kirihou, ka tahuri a Zhu me āna hoa mahi ki te pāpaka me tētahi o ngā puna nui rawa atu o ngā para o te umanga kai: te bagasse o te tō. I whiria e te tīma ngā muka pāpaka roa, angiangi me ngā muka bagasse poto, matotoru hei hanga i tētahi mata matotoru, ā, i hangaia he ipu mai i ēnei rauemi e rua he pumau ā-mīhini, he pirau hoki. Ehara i te mea he kaha noa iho ēnei ipu hou e pai ana ki te taiao pērā i te kirihou, ā, he kaha ki te pupuri wai, he ma ake anō hoki i ngā ipu pirau i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi hangarua, kāore pea e tino horoia. Ka tīmata te pirau i roto i te oneone i muri i te 30 ki te 45 rā, ā, ka tino rerekē te āhua i muri i te 60 rā.
"Ehara i te mahi ngāwari te hanga ipu kai. Kaua e pirau noa iho," te kī a Zhu. "I tētahi taha, me whai rauemi haumaru mō te kai; i tētahi atu taha, me kaha te ipu ina mākū, ā, kia tino ma, nā te mea ka whakamahia hei penapena kawhe wera me te tina wera."
I tāpirihia e ngā kairangahau te alkyl ketenedimer (AKD), he matū pai mō te taiao e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te umanga kai, hei whakapai ake i te ātete hinu me te wai o ngā taputapu tēpu kua whakarewaina, kia mau tonu ai te pakari i roto i ngā taiao makuku. Nā tēnei kai, i pai ake te kaha o ngā taputapu tēpu hou i ngā ipu kai pirau-koiora e wātea ana i te mākete, pērā i ētahi atu taputapu tēpu bagasse huka me ngā kātene hua manu, i roto i te kaha miihini, te ātete hinu, me te kore paitini.
He painga anō tō ngā kapu i whakawhanakehia e ngā kairangahau: he tino heke te tapuwae waro. Ko te tukanga whakaputa o te hua hou e whakaputa ana i te 97% te iti iho o te CO2 i ngā ipu kirihou tuku iho, ā, he 65% te iti iho i te pepa me te kirihou pirau-ora. Ko te whāinga e whai ake nei a te tīma ko te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te pūngao o te tukanga whakaputa me te whakaiti ake i ngā utu kia whakataetae ai ki te kirihou. Ahakoa e rua te utu o ngā kapu i hangaia mai i te rauemi hou ($2,333 ia tana) i ērā i hangaia mai i te kirihou pirau-ora ($4,750 ia tana), he iti ake te utu o ngā kapu kirihou tuku iho ($2,177 ia tana).
"He uaua ki te aukati i te iwi ki te whakamahi i ngā ipu whakakorekore nā te mea he iti te utu, he watea hoki," te kī a Zhu. "Engari ki taku whakaaro he otinga pai te whakamahi i ngā rauemi pirau, he pai ake te taiao hei hanga i ēnei ipu whakakorekore."
Puna: Liu Chao, Luan Pengcheng, Li Qiang, Cheng Zheng, Sun Xiao, Cao Daxian, me Zhu Hongli, “Ngā Taonga Tēpu Pirau-Hauora, Ā-tinana, me te Whakakotahi i Hangaia mai i ngā Muka Ranu Tōka-Pāmeha hei Rerekē ki te Kirihou,” Matter, 12 o Noema, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.10.004
Wā tuku: Hepetema-10-2025